Myopia Management Techniques: Orthokeratology vs. Multifocal Contact Lenses

Myopia, also commonly known as nearsightedness, is a refractive error of the eye that results in blurry vision when looking at distant objects. It occurs when the eye grows too long, or the cornea (the clear front cover of the eye) is too curved. As a result, the light entering the eye isn't focused correctly, leading to images being formed in front of the retina instead of directly on its surface.

The prevalence of myopia is increasing at an alarming rate globally, with an estimated 2.5 billion people expected to be affected by 2020. This surge is a major public health concern, as it's associated with an increased risk of other eye diseases such as retinal detachment, glaucoma, and myopic macular degeneration. Therefore, effective myopia treatment and management is not just about correcting vision but also about preserving eye health and preventing vision-threatening complications.

While glasses and regular contact lenses can correct the refractive error, they do not slow down the progression of myopia. This is where myopia control strategies come into play. Myopia control is an approach that aims to slow down the elongation of the eyeball to prevent high myopia in the future. Two popular methods of myopia control are Orthokeratology (Ortho-k) and Multifocal Contact Lenses.

Orthokeratology

Orthokeratology, often abbreviated as Ortho-k, is a myopia treatment method that uses specially designed, rigid gas-permeable contact lenses. These lenses are worn overnight to temporarily reshape the cornea while the wearer sleeps. Upon waking up and removing the lenses, the cornea retains its new shape for most or all of the day, providing clear vision without the need for glasses or daytime contact lenses.

Ortho-k lenses are custom-made for each person’s eyes, based on the precise measurements taken during an eye examination. They are designed to flatten the cornea gradually and alter the way light enters the eye, eliminating or reducing myopia and astigmatism.

Ortho-k is often preferred as a myopia control method because it is non-surgical and reversible. The changes made to the cornea are temporary, and if the wearer stops using the lenses, the cornea will gradually revert to its original shape.

Regular follow-up visits with your provider are essential to monitor the progress of the treatment. These visits will also ensure that your lenses are fitting well and your eyes remain healthy.

Multifocal Contact Lenses

Multifocal contact lenses are another effective myopia treatment option. These lenses have different powers in different zones of the lens to correct presbyopia, a condition that affects close-up vision. However, researchers found that they can also slow down the progression of myopia in children.

These lenses work by focusing light in front of the peripheral retina, a region believed to play a vital role in eye growth. By reducing the 'hyperopic defocus' in the peripheral retina, the eye's elongation can be controlled, thus managing myopia.

Multifocal contact lenses are daily wear lenses, meaning they are worn during the day and removed at night. They come in both soft and rigid gas permeable materials, offering flexibility to the wearer according to their comfort and lifestyle requirements.

Wearing multifocal contact lenses also provides immediate benefits such as clear vision at all distances, without the need for glasses. This allows individuals to engage in sports and other activities with ease.

 

Orthokeratology vs. Multifocal Contact Lenses

Both Ortho-k and multifocal contact lenses are effective myopia treatment options. However, the choice between the two typically depends on individual circumstances such as lifestyle, comfort, and the degree of myopia.

Ortho-k offers the convenience of being glasses-free during the day without the need for any daytime lens wear. This can be particularly beneficial for individuals involved in sports or those who work in dusty environments where wearing contact lenses can be challenging. However, Ortho-k requires a strict hygiene regimen, and there is a small risk of eye infections if proper lens care is not maintained.

On the other hand, multifocal contact lenses require daytime wear, but they offer flexibility in terms of lens replacement schedules (daily, bi-weekly, or monthly) and materials (soft or rigid). They are also easier to adapt to for those who are already accustomed to wearing contact lenses.

Making the Choice: Factors to Consider in Myopia Treatment

Choosing the right myopia treatment method is a personal decision that should be made in consultation with your eye care provider. Here are some factors to consider:

• Lifestyle: Consider your daily activities. If you engage in sports or other physical activities, Ortho-k may be a better option as it provides clear vision without daytime lenses. But if you're comfortable wearing lenses during the day, multifocal lenses could be a suitable choice.
   

• Comfort: Some people find wearing lenses overnight (Ortho-k) comfortable, while others prefer wearing them during the day (multifocal lenses).
   

• Hygiene and Care: Ortho-k lenses require careful cleaning and disinfection to minimize the risk of eye infections. If you're not comfortable with this level of lens care, multifocal lenses might be a better option.
   

• Degree of Myopia: Your eye care provider will help you understand if one method may be more effective depending on your current degree of myopia.

Effectively Manage your Myopia Today

Both Orthokeratology and Multifocal Contact Lenses are valid and effective myopia treatment options. They offer more than just a clear vision - they provide a way to control the progression of myopia, reducing the risk of future eye health issues. The choice between Ortho-k and multifocal lenses depends on personal preferences, lifestyle, and individual ocular conditions. Remember, a thorough consultation with your eye care provider is crucial in making an informed decision about your myopia management.

For more information on ortho-k vs. multifocal lenses for myopia management, contact Today’s Vision Barker Cypress at our office in Cypress, Texas. Call (281) 758-3083 to book an appointment today.